indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
far away; far off; far; long ago; long before
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be resurrected; to be resuscitated; to be rehabilitated; to be recalled (e.g. memories); to be brought back
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
one move (in go, shogi, etc.); only way; only means; doing alone; doing single-handed
to carry to extremes; to go to the end of something; to investigate thoroughly; to master
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
one (of a pair); incomplete; imperfect; few; little; off-centre
company; association; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to be compensated; to make up for one's losses
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
it cannot be that...; it is highly unlikely that...; it is impossible that...
rather; better; instead; if anything
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged