decorations; offerings; mere window dressing
queen (consort); empress (consort)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
nobility; aristocracy; peerage
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
such; like that; that sort of
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
pupil (of the eye); one's eyes
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to load (a gun, etc.); to charge; to put into (e.g. emotion, effort); to include (e.g. tax in a sales price); to hang over; to shroud
emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment
scornful laughter; ridicule; derision; sneer
scorn; disdain; contempt; slight
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
commoner; plebeian; commoner (in Japan between 1869 and 1947; the lowest of the three classes)
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
(way of) life; lifestyle; living; life circumstances; livelihood; day-to-day life
even a little; any at all; if only a little; no matter how little
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
one mind; wholeheartedness; one's whole heart
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
a little; a bit; a small amount; a little while; a short time; a moment
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
don't you think?; indicates question
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
court lady; lady-in-waiting
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become