to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
Earth Dog (35th term of the sexagenary cycle, e.g. 1958, 2018, 2078)
in name only; figurehead; (only) by name
actually; really; truly; in practice; practically
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
reckless; thoughtless; rash; ill-advised; impulsive; mad (e.g. scheme)
to explain; to preach; to advocate; to persuade; to prevail upon; to reason with
to do (something) before (something or someone else); to be ahead of (others, the times, etc.)
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
to be put to shame (of an expert); to be no match (for someone); (lit.) to run away barefoot
national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners); sakoku; policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate
command; order; dictation; nth year in the Reiwa era (May 1, 2019-)
shogunate; bakufu; shogun's headquarters; Imperial Guards office; residence of the Imperial Guards commander
founding a country; opening of a country (e.g. Japan) to the world; ending (a policy of) national seclusion
to gather momentum; to gather strength; (for a trend) to reach a peak
pornographic book (Edo period)
point of view; viewpoint; standpoint; field inspection (e.g. in architecture, building)
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; content; substance
to rustle (in the wind); to sway; to stir; to blow gently (of the wind); to blow softly
the five elements (in Chinese philosophy: wood, fire, earth, metal and water); the five phases; five practices of the Bodhisattvas; the five pillars of Islam
shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris)
rattan; (rattan) cane (e.g. used in wicker furniture)
to regard (as); to consider (to be); to deem; to look upon (as); to think of (as)
chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
spirit; sprite; energy; vigor (vigour); fine details; semen
high rice field; very fertile rice field
mitsuba (Cryptotaenia japonica); Japanese honewort; Japanese honeywort; three-leaved; trefoil
advantage; benefit; profit; interest
village; hamlet; countryside; country; home (of one's parents, etc.); hometown
Brahman (ultimate reality of the universe in Hinduism); Brahma; Brahma (Hindu creator god); Sanskrit
six (long cylindrical things)
work (film, book); production; creation; turning (something) out