book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
work (e.g. book, film, painting, composition); piece; production; opus
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
image (used to explain or demonstrate something); illustration; illustrative picture; (digital) image
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
(advance) notice; preliminary announcement; warning; trailer (for a film, TV show, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment
case; occasion; situation; circumstances
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
writing vertically; vertical writing
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to see; to look; to watch; to try to ...
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
difference; variation; difference
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
pure white; blank (e.g. mind, paper)
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
there is nothing; having nothing
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
cheap; rash; thoughtless; careless
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
how; in what way; how about
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise