one's younger days; when one was young
great vigor; tremendous energy; (lit.) forceful enough to knock down birds in flight
looking or acting as if one owned the place
transplanting (a plant); transplant; transplantation (of an organ, tissue, etc.); transplant; embryo transfer; embryo transplant
haughty; arrogant; supercilious
complaint; troubles; objection; grievance
(arch.) straight; ordinary; common; doing nothing
change; transformation; innovation; Reformation
to go through; to pierce; to penetrate; to stick to (opinion, principles, etc.); to carry out; to persist with
considering something taboo; treating something as taboo
violence; oppression; high-handedness; tyranny; despotism
foreigner; stranger; outsider; alien
to spread; to propagate; to popularize; to broaden; to extend; to widen
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
sympathy; empathy; response
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
young lord; successor of one's current lord
to apologize; to apologise
kudzu (Pueraria montana); Japanese arrowroot; Chinese moonseed (Sinomenium acutum)
one's relatives by blood and marriage (in blood and law); one's kith and kin
relation; connection; affinity
filling (up) a hole; filling in (for a gap, vacancy, etc.); stopgap; making up (for a loss, damage, etc.); covering (a deficit); cloze deletion (test format)
crops; agricultural produce
sudden; abrupt; rapid; sharp; drastic; radical
allegiance; obedience; submission
to begin to appear; to begin to come in
to say in other words; to put another way; to express in different words; to reword; to rephrase
cheap; rash; thoughtless; careless
stinginess; miserliness; parsimony
or something; for instance ... (though there are other suitable options); ... or ...; as soon as; right after; while still
Dewa (former province located in present-day Yamagata and Akita prefectures)
Muromachi period (1333-1573)
to manufacture; to produce; to raise (crops); to invent; to dream up; to create
successive generations; successive emperors
special selection; finest pick; top pick
judgement; judgment; connoisseur