chores; odd jobs; miscellaneous affairs; miscellaneous expenses
ice water; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)
master; boss; stable master; craftsman; artisan; (arch.) foster parent
to be overawed; to be overwhelmed; to be overcome; to be intimidated; to be daunted
in this way; along these lines; similarly
omen; sign; notice; indication
preface; foreword; introduction; beginning; start
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
hygiene management; hygiene control; sanitation
order; ordering; beginning; start; foreword; preface
grounds (of tea and coffee)
closely-packed series of lectures; intensive course
dietary education; nutrition education; food education
to worry; to fret; to get anxious
opening a new shop; opening a shop (for the day)
to take command; to give direction
roots of grass; grassroots (e.g. of a political party); rank and file; places hidden from sight
hostile party; enemy side
Western clothing; Western binding
fair-skinned; light-complexioned
capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
to run to; to come running; to rush (someplace); to hasten
to act lovestruck; to be fawning; to act affectionate
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
slip of the tongue; misstatement; verbal slip-up
falling (down); tumbling (down); failure; failing; renouncing Christianity and converting to Buddhism (during the Edo period); apostasy
tag; label; game of tag; tag-team match; working together as a team
exceptionally close friend
integration; unification; unity; combination; consolidation; synthesis
sticky; syrupy; weakly (of a flame); gently (e.g. boil); dozing off; napping
catalog; catalogue; inventory; menu
Kansai (region comprising Kyoto, Osaka, Kobe and surrounding prefectures); Kansai (western half of Japan; during the feudal era)
hack; inferior horse; inferior person; incapable person
Hiroshima-style okonomiyaki (usu. contains noodles and meat and/or seafood which are not mixed in with the batter)
angrily; in a huff; in anger; plump; tender
shiba shrimp (prawn, Metapenaeus joyneri)
to cover (with); to smear; to sprinkle
white spring onion; white scallion
garlic chives (Allium tuberosum); Chinese chives; Chinese leek