Perry; Perry, Matthew C. (1794-1858; American navy officer); Peri; Perri; Pelly; Peli
arrival of ships (from abroad); arrival by ship
national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners); sakoku; policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate
to covet; to crave; to indulge in; to do ceaselessly; to eat greedily; to devour
koicha; exceptionally dark, opaque matcha
counter for ships; counter for half of a pair (e.g. half of a folding screen); (arch.) counter for items carried in a bundle (e.g. fish, birds, arrows)
steamship; steamboat; steamer
large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryō system)
exchange (e.g. cultural); interchange; interaction; alternating current; AC
Nagasaki (city, prefecture)
Dejima; artificial island in Nagasaki used as a Portuguese and Dutch trading post between 1634 and 1854
opening a port (seaport, airport, etc.); starting operations at a port; opening a port to foreign vessels or trade
residence; living (at, in); abode
governments of various countries
shogunate; bakufu; shogun's headquarters; Imperial Guards office; residence of the Imperial Guards commander
order; system; the establishment; (ruling) regime; structural plan; body plan
self-government; autonomy; local (governmental) autonomy
guarantee; security; assurance; pledge
memo; memorandum; note; (diplomatic) memorandum
conclusion; execution (of a contract); entering (into treaty); fastening (as in a joint)
shivering; feeling chilly; shuddering (with fear); feeling creepy; thrilled; excited
countries all over the world; all the countries of the world
commencing with; including
having; holding; wear; durability; shouldering (an expense); being responsible (for paying)
farmer; farming family; farmhouse; School of Agrarianism (China); School of Agronomists
right to bear a surname and to wear a sword (during the Edo period)
the times; the world; society
hanger-on; dependent; someone who is received coldly; third, fourth, fifth, etc. sons (during the Edo period when only the oldest male could inherit an estate)
tiny amount of money; a penny; one letter; one character; one mon (unit of currency)
to make a success in life
ready wit; quick wits; resourcefulness; raising (money)
an adult-age eldest son who has yet to come into his inheritance; (a young adult still) living at home; a dependent
to be adopted; to enter a family as an adopted child
to make a name for oneself; to achieve success
construction; establishment
sense of inferiority; one's weak point
tenement house; row house
to take up residence; to settle in
interpretation (i.e. oral translation); interpreter