lower layer; layer beneath; lower strata (classes)
to seal (letter); to prevent; to forbid; to block
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
to grab (someone) by the collar; to size (someone) by the lapels
to push into; to cram into; to stuff into; to break in; to burgle; to burglarize
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
right in the center (centre)
to drive away; to order off; to chase away; to force into an unpleasant situation (bankruptcy, prostitution, suicide, etc.)
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
to rot; to go bad; to corrode; to weather; to become useless; to blunt; to become depraved
what's the best thing to do?; what to do?
Kyoto and vicinity (esp. during Edo period); Kyoto-Osaka region; Kansai region
to mix with; to be mixed; to be mingled
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
bad taste (e.g. in clothes); poor taste
itemization (of expenses); the items; breakdown; classification
from long ago; from old times; from time immemorial
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
several people; some people; a few people; a number of people
followers; subordinates; being under someone's command
surroundings; environs; circumference
coercion; overpowering; to overpower; to overawe; to daunt
spear; lance; javelin; lance; (arch.) jeering
ear (of a cereal plant); head; point (of a brush, spear, etc.); tip; crest (of a wave); scion (in grafting)
arms; weapons (of war); armor; armour
glitter; glimmer; sparkle; twinkle
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
antics; buffoonery; clowning; clown; jester
acrobatics; risky undertaking
row; line; company (of someone); group; sequence; counter for rows
stage (theatre, theater); scene or setting (e.g. of novel, play, etc.)
actor; actress; man of wits; clever person; cunning fellow
costume; fancy dress; masquerade; converted (cruiser)
to dance (orig. a hopping dance)
to scatter; to sprinkle; to distribute (handbills, etc.); to spread (rumours, etc.); to give the slip; to throw off
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to order; to command; to appoint
showy; loud; gay; flashy; gaudy
hem; (trouser) cuff; bottom part; bottom edge; foot (of a mountain); tips (of hair)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)