custom; convention; tradition; mores; conventional practice
joint; knuckle; tune; melody; node (of a plant stem); joint
civilization; civilisation; enlightenment
to play a role; to serve a function; to play a part
firmly rooted; deep-seated
Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period
(arch.) retainer; (arch.) attendant; (arch.) Omi (hereditary title; orig. one of the two highest such titles, later demoted to sixth highest of eight); I; me
Egawa Hidetatsu (1801-1855)
turmoil; chaos; confusion
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
violation; offense; offence; breach; transgression; infringement
home country; one's own country; suzerain country (from the perspective of the vassal state); colonizing country; country of one's ancestors; this country
annihilation; extermination; (total) destruction; wiping out
bogging down; dragging on; turning into a quagmire; becoming mired in a mess
to get strong; to gain strength
I got it; I see; I now know; so that's the reason
to fire from a job; to dismiss; to discharge; to behead
lending (money, commodities, etc.); finance; loan; adaptability; versatility; flexibility
to urge; to encourage; to press; to stimulate (e.g. growth); to hasten (e.g. development); to quicken
blues experienced by college freshmen or workplace recruits shortly after beginning school or work; the May blues
common saying; popular version; folklore; tradition
fiscal year (usu. April 1 to March 31 in Japan); financial year; academic year; school year; product year
at first; in the beginning; originally
April; fourth month in the lunar calendar
sulky look (often with puffed cheeks); sullen look; pout; glower
counselling service (counseling); life matters advice service
to lose (money, etc.); to suffer a loss; to waste (one's time, efforts, etc.); to bring to naught; to feel disappointed (e.g. by missing out on something); to suffer a (perceived) loss
quarrel; fight; trouble; dispute; friction; discord
waist; waistline; waist measurement
rising; developing; emergent; burgeoning; new
vessel; ship; shipping; seacraft
interval between the waves; gap between waves
diffuse reflection; diffused reflection; irregular reflection
superb view; picturesque scenery
view; vista; panorama; outlook; prospect
taking off and landing; departure and arrival (aircraft)
neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
nucleus; backbone; medium-level; mid-level; main body (of troops); crack troops
to take up residence; to settle in
regulation; (traffic) policing; control; restriction
high praise; great admiration; with critical acclaim; to rave reviews; currently; presently
digestion (of food); digestion (of information); assimilation; consumption; absorption; (arch.) losing one's form and turning into something else
as you can imagine; as imagined