indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
before; prior to; ago; the past; before; previously
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
going in and out; entering and exiting; visiting regularly; frequenting; income and expenditure; incomings and outgoings; increase and decrease
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to pray; to say a prayer; to offer up a prayer
to continue; to keep up; to keep on; to continue ...; to keep on ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
another place; some other place; another (person or thing); other; beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to gather; to collect; to assemble
oracle; revelation; divine message
miko; shrine maiden; young girl or woman (trad. an unmarried virgin) who assists priests at shrines; medium; sorceress; shamaness
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to revere; to respect; to worship
general; universal; ordinary; average; (arch.) the same; (arch.) no different
people; men and women; each person; everybody
composition (of painting); structural outline; compositional arrangement
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to be completed; to be finished; to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat); to be very drunk; to get plastered
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to stand (up); to rise; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on); to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to leave (to do something)
in the same way as; just like
to make a speech; to address
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
how; in what way; how about