exception; supernumerary; extra (e.g. performance, item, object, etc.); additional; outsize
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
exchange; interchange; switching; reciprocity; barter; substitution
stage (of a theatre, concert hall, etc.); stage performance; stage production; setting (of a story); scene; sphere (of activity)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
whole (body); full-length (e.g. portrait); systemic
worn-out; ragged; crumbling; dry and crumbly; falling (in drops or clumps); scattering
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
literally; to the letter; literal
look of amazement; looking dumbfounded
I'm home!; I'm back!; now; at present; just now; a moment ago
hostel; dormitory; (arch.) bureau (government department beneath a ministry under the ritsuryō system); (arch.) tea-ceremony room; (arch.) villa
part of the garden close to the house; nearby garden
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to (enter and) sit down; to plop oneself down; to plant oneself down; to sit down (and refuse to move); to sit in (in protest)
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, puffs of a cigarette, etc.
here and there; in places
to burn; to scorch; to char; to singe
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
full of (e.g. mistakes); riddled with; covered all over with (blood, mud, etc.)