foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese
crime; sin; penalty; sentence; fault; responsibility
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
basics; rudiments; elements; ABCs of ...
retiring from military service
source; origin; cause; beginning; genesis
on the occasion of; at the time of
minimum; at the very least
lethality; killing effectiveness
(social) class; rank; grade
showy; loud; gay; flashy; gaudy
meagre; meager; scarce; limited; destitute; hard up
disinfection; sterilization; sterilisation
(opening of) a wound; (mouth of a) wound; cut
to stop up; to close up; to stand in the way; to obstruct; to occupy; to fill up
to be torn off; to come off; to be torn to pieces; to be torn to shreds
arm; skill; efforts; ability
to grow; to cultivate; to wear a beard
My goodness!; Good lord!; Holy cow!
private; foot soldier; infantryman; underling; low level worker; minor player
to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (as); to act (as); to conduct a religious service
(giving) instruction; initiation
as a matter of fact; to tell the truth
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
self-study; teaching oneself; studying by oneself (at school) while the teacher is absent
to be shy; to be bashful; to look shy
(your) words; what you say; what you have said; a few words (of welcome, advice, etc.)
bilingual; in two languages
simultaneous interpretation; simultaneous interpreting
you learn, without realising it, from what is around you; (lit.) a shop-boy near the temple gate will recite sutras untaught
to take lessons in; to be taught; to learn (from a teacher); to study (under a teacher); to get training in
to accomplish; to fulfill; to carry out
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
motherland; fatherland; native country
marrying to become a housewife; (lit.) permanent employment (once one becomes a housewife)
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
that's a different matter; that's a different story
to keep someone from doing; to stop; to prevent; to check; to hinder; to obstruct
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved