resistance; opposition; reluctance; repulsion; resistance; drag
to lose; to be defeated; to give in (to); to yield; to be inferior (to); to be second (to)
living thing; organism; creature; biology
extinction; annihilation; destruction
construction; architecture (of buildings)
protection against the cold
to exercise one's ingenuity; to come up with an ingenious plan
to cause; to induce; to bring about; to produce
standing facing each other (e.g. mountains, buildings); standing opposite each other; confrontation; squaring off against (adversaries, armies, forces); standing off against
strenuous effort; hard struggle; working hard; hard fighting; fierce fighting
the whole body; the five styles of writing Chinese characters; the five parts of the body (head, two hands and two feet; or head, neck, chest, hands and feet)
no matter (what, who, etc.); whether ... or ...; be
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
food and clothing; living; livelihood
grand; magnificent; lavish; forceful; powerful; vigorous
cold; coldness; chilliness
one hundred years ago; a hundred year previously
and then; and so; and; so then
splendid; magnificent; utter (esp. defeat); total; (arch.) something worth seeing; (arch.) sight
all obstacles; all sorts of trouble
nothing special; no big deal; doesn't matter
opening (of uncultivated land)
house; dwelling; human habitation
as far as the eye can see
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to suffer; to receive (kindness, rebuke, support); to sustain (damage)
(horse-drawn) cart; wagon; dray
to be smeared; to be covered
a handful (of); small amount (of); small number (of); trouncing; crushing
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
muddy place; mud; mire; sludge; slush; quagmire
suffering; distress; difficulty; hardship; misery; being bogged down
focus of one's attention; what one is looking for; point of view; viewpoint
fertile; rich; productive
defect; fault; flaw; deformity; deficiency; shortage
Kanpyō era (889.4.27-898.4.26); Kanbyō era