this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
at a disadvantage; in an unfavourable position; having poor prospects; standing little chance
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to attack; to assault; to challenge; to take on; to be bold; to be audacious
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
had better ...; had better not ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryō period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
elegance; dandyism; sophistication; affectation; showing off; putting on an air
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
information; news; information (data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.); informatics (as a subject)
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
careless; thoughtless; stupid; heedless; unobservant; inadvertent
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
in any case; at any rate; anyhow; because; since; for
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to burst in; to barge in
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
in any case; regardless; either way; since it makes no difference anyway (you might as well ...); since it won't change the outcome; if you are doing it regardless
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
at least; at most; (even) just
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
knock; knocking; fungo hitting; hitting balls for fielding practice; tap; click (e.g. of a retractable pen or mechanical pencil)
research institute; (research) laboratory
example; instance; precedent; custom; habit