war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound of footsteps; sense or sign that something is approaching
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
to cross the ocean (i.e. to go to or come from overseas)
our country; our land; one's own country
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
prognosis; aftereffects; recuperation; convalescence
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
neighbouring country; neighboring country; adjacent country
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to tie; to bind; to bear (fruit); to close (e.g. deal); to confirm; to connect (two distant places); to close tightly
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
Saint; St.; S.; sacred; holy; pure
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
door; gate; opening; title page
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
ceremony; rite; ritual; service
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
adds force or indicates command
now; the present time; just now; another; more
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)