old age; old person; the old; the aged
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
taking care of one's health; recuperation; covering (with a protective material); coating; curing (concrete)
acknowledgment; acknowledgement; letter of thanks
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
leading; foremost; preeminent; outstanding; one of the best
great swordsman; master fencer
relationship; relation; terms (good, friendly, etc.)
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
one's youth; early life; one's early days; one's early years
to come together; to join; to get married; to become a married couple
wild; violent; rough-mannered; rough (e.g. work); crude; coarse
personality; character; personal appearance; gentility
cultivation; refinement; culture; education
to collect; to assemble; to gather
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
virtue; Meitoku era (of the Northern Court) (1390.3.26-1392.10.5); Meitoku era (of reunified Japan) (1392.10.5-1394.7.5)
to make clear; to clarify; to disclose; to make public
people; citizens; subjects; folk
several times; several degrees
to summon; to call (e.g. phone); to convene; to invoke (e.g. subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
to ascertain; to check; to make sure
reading (a text) aloud without trying to understand it
close examination; careful investigation; investigation of a crime; inquiry into someone's guilt; winner (of the most rounds, i.e. a full game); (arch.) reciting and appreciating traditional poetry
(act of) encouragement; stimulus; incentive
scholarly ability; scholarship; knowledge; literary ability
examination; exam; test; trial; experiment; test
success; passing (e.g. exam); eligibility
inner citadel; core; center; centre
member of shogun's council of elders
Echizen (former province located in parts of present-day Fukui and Gifu prefectures)
being upright and cleanhanded
serious; honest; sober; grave; earnest; steady
one long straight object (e.g. strand of hair, beam of light, wisp of smoke); a single bloodline; earnest; resolute; (arch.) ordinary; (arch.) common
to cheer up; to liven up; to become active; to look better; to improve (in appearance); to stand out
diligent study; devoting oneself to one's studies