result (that makes an act worthwhile); worth (in doing something); value; Kai (former province located in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)
to say; to be called; to do
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
capital crime; crime resulting in a death penalty
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
in the city; in the community
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
taking someone around; guidance; (arch.) parading a criminal through town before their execution (Edo period)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
burning at the stake; burning to death
penalty; sentence; punishment
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to manage; to deal with; to cope with; to sentence; to condemn; to punish
punishment (esp. spanking a child); criminal punishment (esp. execution; Edo period)
March; third month of the lunar calendar
29th day of the month; 29 days
article; item; quality; flirtatiousness; coquetry
river; stream; River; the ... river
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
at; in; at; when; by; with
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
honorific/polite/humble prefix
from the beginning; from the first; of course; not to mention ...; not only ... but also ...
readiness; (mental) preparedness; resolution; determination; resignation (to one's fate)
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
day after tomorrow; wrong (e.g. direction)
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
final farewell (in this life)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to insert; to put in; to send in (to a prisoner; e.g. clothes, books); to deliver (food, refreshments, etc. to workers); to supply
wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for; I want (you, them, etc.) to (do)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
won't; hasn't; isn't; won't you