sorry; excuse me; thank you
Kyoto and vicinity (esp. during Edo period); Kyoto-Osaka region; Kansai region
to sing; to sing of (love, beauty, etc.) in a poem; to express in the form of a poem; to recite (a poem)
clear broth soup, with ingredients and garnish floating in and on it
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
bowl (wooden); counter for bowls of food or drink
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
to shave (wood, leather, etc.); to sharpen (e.g. pencil); to cut down (budget, expenses, staff, time, etc.); to curtail; to delete; to erase
central; main; just (done); counter for consecutive losses
to boil; to be boiling hot; to be on a rolling boil
before oneself; in front of one; a bit before reaching (a location); this side (of a location); one's standpoint; one's appearance; skill
hot water; hot bath; hot spring; molten iron
of all (things, people, places, days, etc.)
to gaze (at); to stare intently (at); to look fixedly (at); to fascinate; to enchant; to possess
inverted; upside down; reversed; back to front
buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum); soba; Japanese buckwheat noodles; Chinese-style wheat noodles
to cheer up; to liven up; to become active; to look better; to improve (in appearance); to stand out
vegetable; marijuana; cannabis
messenger; police and judicial chief (Heian and Kamakura periods); klesha (polluting thoughts such as greed, hatred and delusion, which result in suffering)
to lose; to be defeated; to give in (to); to yield; to be inferior (to); to be second (to)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
katsuobushi; pieces of sliced dried bonito
shop; store; someone who sells (something) or works as (something); someone with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
(as for (that)) thing; (given (that)) thing; matter; (it is a ...) thing; matter; fact
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
such; this sort of; like this
difference; distinction; discrepancy; mistake; error
one-by-one; separately; in detail
to climb over; to get over; to overcome (a difficulty, obstacle, etc.); to surmount; to surpass (a predecessor); to overtake
once; for a short time; briefly; (arch.) one morning
then; and (then); in that case; if so
exactly; precisely; just; just (like); as if; as though
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
elegant; refined; polished; high-quality goods; first-class article
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
good flavor (flavour); good taste; umami (fifth category of taste in food); skill; cleverness; profit
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly