indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be needed; to be wanted
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
on good terms with; on cordial terms with; getting along well with; to make friends with; to be good friends with; to get along with
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
hyuganatsu (species of citrus, Citrus tamurana)
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
ice; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
father; dad; husband; you; he
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season