oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
liking; being fond of; liking (romantically); being in love with; faddism; eccentricity
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
look!; there!; here!; that is
(one's) favourite food; (one's) favorite food
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
uncool; tacky; lame; corny
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
to throw; to fling; to hurl; to neglect; to abandon; to leave alone
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
goodbye; farewell; so long
each time; every time; thank you for your continued patronage; thank you for your support; hello; I'm coming in
(stone) guardian lion-dogs at a Shinto shrine
suffix for familiar person
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to chase away; to drive away; to drive out
ceremony; rite; ritual; service
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
every month; each month; monthly
merchant; store; shop; merchant house; merchant family
chief clerk (in a shop, managing affairs on the owner's behalf); head clerk; store manager
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix