trouble; hardship; difficulty; anxiety; worry; concern
fatigue; weariness; exhaustion; fatigue (of metal, etc.)
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
labor; labour; work; Labour Party
worker; (manual) laborer; labourer; blue-collar worker
labour; labor; effort; toil; trouble
labor; labour; toil; trouble; pains; work
thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; MHLW
tired feeling; feeling of exhaustion; sense of fatigue; fatigability
I appreciate your efforts
to show appreciation for (efforts, esp. by someone of equal or lower status); to thank for; to reward for
labor; labour; manpower; working force
heavy labor; heavy labour; hard work; hard labor (in prison); hard labour
inviting another to one's home, office, etc.; (lit.) the trouble of coming (going)
person who has rendered distinguished service
expression of appreciation (for someone's efforts); thanks
fruitless effort; wasted effort; abortive scheme; futility
labor union; labour union; trade union
to pity; to sympathize with; to tend to (e.g. an injury); to care for; to appreciate; to recognize (someone's efforts)
worry; care; anxiety; mental exhaustion
manual or physical labor; manual or physical labour
karōshi; death from overwork
Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare
to pity; to sympathize with; to tend to (e.g. an injury); to care for; to appreciate; to recognize (someone's efforts)
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; MHLW
labor; labour; exertion; diligent service
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
overanxiety; needless worry
work-related injury; work-related illness; work-related death; workers' compensation insurance
person who has been through a lot; worldly-wise person; one who has seen it all
forced labor; forced labour; slave labor; slave labour
working; being employed; being hired
to end in vain; to be wasted effort
labor; labour; toil; hardship
labour and management; labor and management
Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare
non-fulltime worker; non-permanent worker; temp worker; temporary worker
to work; to labor; to labour; to put to work; to make (someone) work
labor-relations board; labour-relations board
brain work; mental work; nonmanual labor
Labour Party; Labor Party
sympathy; consideration; (arch.) service; (arch.) labor; (arch.) illness; (arch.) disease
Labour Standards Inspection Office
meritorious deed; services
nervous temperament; worry habit; pessimistic nature; pessimism
physical labor (esp. forced); strenuous manual labor; toil
thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
Ministry of Labour (now Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare)
labor union; labour union; trade union
party given in recognition of a person's services
labor problem; labour problem
labor-management negotiation; labour-management negotiation
Act for Securing the Proper Operation of Worker Dispatching Undertakings and Improved Working Conditions for Dispatched Workers
formal recognition of a work-related injury or illness
labor; labour; work; service
toil; labor; labour; painstaking piece of work; (a) work involving considerable effort
temporary worker (dispatched from an agency); dispatched worker
inviting another to one's home, office, etc.; (lit.) the trouble of coming (going)
overwork; working too hard
flexible work hours; flexi-time
suicide brought on by excessive overwork
Person of Cultural Merit; honorary title recognizing outstanding cultural contributions
labour union; labor union
labor market; labour market
(principle of) equal pay for equal work
labor body; labour body; labor organization; labour organization; labor federation; labour federation
thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
karōshi line (official measure of excessive hours of overtime per month)
pulmonary tuberculosis (in traditional Chinese medicine); pulmonary tuberculosis
illegal employment; illegal work; unauthorized labor
labor management; labour management
worker's accident insurance
award for distinguished service
temporary labor; dispatch work
unskilled labor; simple labor; menial job
heartrending; pitiful; saddening; pathetic; heart-breaking
manual laborer; manual labourer
Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare
labour movement; labor movement
unearned income; investment income; passive income
labour-management agreement (labor)
labor productivity (labour)
migrant worker; economic nomad
eye strain; eyestrain; asthenopia
bonus; reward for one's services
day laborer; day labourer
both labor and management; both the workers and the employers
laborer; labourer; workman
I appreciate your efforts
cattle or horse trader; good judge of horses or cattle
licensed social insurance consultant; labor and social security attorney
labor service; labour service
labor-relations board; labour-relations board
International Labor Organization (ILO)
child labor; child labour
Industrial Safety and Health Act
overanxiety; needless worry
slave labor; slave labour
labor standards inspector (labour)
overanxiety; needless worry
labor dispute; labour dispute; industrial dispute; strike
Labor Thanksgiving Day (national holiday; November 23)
work-related injury or death
trouble of going somewhere
rendering what little service one can
mobilization of labor services (e.g. in wartime)
labor standards bureau; labour standards bureau
brain worker; brain-worker; white-collar worker; mental worker
labor force; labour force
sparing no trouble; taking pains (to); take the trouble (to)
means of labor; means of labour
labor standard; labor standards (e.g. bureau, law)
seasonal laborer; seasonal labourer
workers' credit union; labour credit association
Central Labor Relations Commission
chronic fatigue syndrome; CFS
Minister of Labor (Labour)
salaried class; working class
wages; labor wages; labour wages
overanxiety; needless worry
variable working hours system; flexible-hours system
discretionary work (labour, labor)
fixed working hours; prescribed working hours
unfair labor practices; unfair labour practices
wage laborer; wage earner; paid worker
basic labor rights; basic workers' rights
labor's share (of income)
labor expenses; labor costs
labor administration; labour administration
financial reward for someone's efforts; remuneration paid to the finder of a lost item
fulltime worker; permanent worker
labor-farmer party; labour-farmer party
physical or manual labor; physical or manual labour
government-labour (e.g. liaison meeting); government-labor
Central Labor Relations Committee
fatigue fracture; fatigue failure
capital and labor; capital and labour; capitalists and laborers; capitalists and labourers
to act as a mediator; to serve as a mediator; to act as an intermediary; to be a go-between
manpower business; manpower agency
labor laws; industrial laws
to act as a mediator; to serve as a mediator; to act as an intermediary; to be a go-between
institutional fatigue; systemic fatigue
(socially) necessary labour; necessary work
labor agreement; labour agreement
all pain and no gain; lots of pain and not much gain
licensed social insurance consultant; labor and social security attorney
holiday given in recognition of one's service
National Railway Workers' Union
labor-management cooperation; labour-management cooperation
worsened performance because of long service; malfunctioning resulting from continuous long-term operation
casual laborer (labourer); day laborer (labourer)
tabes; phthisis; pulmonary tuberculosis
labor section; labour section
unemployed laborer; unemployed worker
trials and tribulations; adversities; suffering hardships and troubles
female employee; female worker; working-woman
to save labor; to save labour
working-age people who are unemployed; number of people not in employment
Japanese Trade Union Confederation; RENGO
child labor; child labour
labor agitator; labour agitator
abstract human labour; abstract human labor
industrial (labor-management) dispute (labour); industrial strife
General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (1950-1989); Sōhyō
prison labor camp; prison labour camp
reduction in working hours; shorter working hours
menial services (e.g. kitchen work); serving one's master unsparingly
labor efficiency (labour)
trouble; pains; backbreaking exertions
labor rally; labour rally
thermal fatigue (e.g. in structures); heat exhaustion
Japanese Confederation of Labor (1936-1939); Zensō; Japanese Confederation of Labor (1964-1987); Dōmei
Industrial Bankers Association
seasonal labor; seasonal labour
overanxiety; needless worry
itinerant laborer; migrant worker
to wait for the enemy to tire at ease
organized labour (organised, labor); unionized labour
Labour Welfare Corporation
Central Labor Relations Committee
direct labor costs; direct labour costs
labor; labour; work; Labour Party
farm worker; farm laborer; farm labourer; farmhand
National Trade Union Council
labor negotiation; labour negotiation
labor relations adjustment law (labour)
labor force participation rate; labour force participation rate
to go through all sorts of hardships
World Federation of Trade Unions; WFTU
the three major labor laws (trade union law, labor standards law, and labor relations adjustment law)
worker; (manual) laborer; labourer; blue-collar worker
workers' credit union; labour credit association
prison labor; prison labour; forced labor; forced labour
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
owl (esp. the Ural owl, Strix uralensis)
shrike (any bird of family Laniidae); bull-headed shrike (Lanius bucephalus); butcher bird
heartrending; pitiful; saddening; pathetic; heart-breaking
day laborer; day labourer
(arch.) pain; (arch.) trouble; illness
National Railway Workers' Union (abbr)
Labour Standards Inspection Office (abbr)
light labor; light labour
local labor union; local labour union
two-shift work program (programme)
labor offensive; labour offensive
labor federation; labour federation
government whose core support comes from labourers and farmers (esp. the Soviet government)
(workers) asset formation
joint labor union; joint labour union
external labor market; external labour market
Labour Relations Commission for Seafarers
labour intensive industry
spare no effort while you are young; heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age
spare no effort while you are young; heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age
Public Corporation and National Enterprise Labor Relations Commission
Public Corporations and Government Enterprises Labor Relations Act
workers' accident compensation insurance
Prize to Schools for Nurturing Creativity
frail and cute (esp. of young women); adorable; lovely
Act on Enforcement of the Act on Labor Relations of Public Enterprise Corporation
National Enterprise Labor Relations Law
Act on Labor Relationship of Specified Independent Administrative Agency, etc. (2002)
labor-intensive industry; labour-intensive industry
spare no effort while you are young; heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age
spare no effort while you are young; heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age
kleptoparasitism; cleptoparasitism
suicide brought on by excessive overwork
socially necessary labour time
Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act
eight-hour working day system
eight-hour working day system
workers' district (in North Korea)
joint consultation system
necessary labour time (in Marxian economics)
work environment; working conditions
migrant worker; expatriate worker
Labor Day (China); May Day
employment agency; placement agency; labour exchange; labor exchange
story of one's struggles; hardship story
feeling of futility; sense of wasted effort
European Trade Union Confederation; ETUC
International Transport Workers' Federation; ITF
Public Services International
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; ICFTU
International Industrial Relations Association
International Institute for Labour Study
World Confederation of Labour (Labor)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
Industrial Workers of the World; IWW
World Trade Union Congress
Prefectural Labour Standards Office
Japan Institute of Labor; JIL
Japanese Association of Labor Sociology
Actors Equity Association
Industrial Relations Research Association
Industrial Accident Prevention Association; IAPA
Bureau of Personnel Administration
Federation of Independent Unions of Japan (1956-1987)
Federation of Independent Unions of Japan (1956-1987) (abbr)
National Railway Motive Power Union
National Railway Motive Power Union (abbr)
Federation of Public Corporation and Government Enterprise Workers' Unions
National Trade Union Council (abbr)
National Federation Of Industrial Organizations (1949-1988); FIO
All-Japan Trade Union Congress (1954-1964)
All-Japan Trade Union Congress (1954-1964) (abbr)
National Trade Union Confederation (1930-1936) (abbr); All-Japan Trade Union Congress (1954-1964) (abbr)
National Trade Union Confederation (1930-1936)