trouble; hardship; difficulty; anxiety; worry; concern
fatigue; weariness; exhaustion; fatigue (of metal, etc.)
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
labor; labour; work; Labour Party
worker; (manual) laborer; labourer; blue-collar worker
labour; labor; effort; toil; trouble
thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
tired feeling; feeling of exhaustion; sense of fatigue; fatigability
I appreciate your efforts
labor; labour; toil; trouble; pains; work
labor; labour; manpower; working force
heavy labor; heavy labour; hard work; hard labor (in prison); hard labour
inviting another to one's home, office, etc.; (lit.) the trouble of coming (going)
fruitless effort; wasted effort; abortive scheme; futility
person who has rendered distinguished service
manual or physical labor; manual or physical labour
worry; care; anxiety; mental exhaustion
person who has been through a lot; worldly-wise person; one who has seen it all
labor; labour; exertion; diligent service
overanxiety; needless worry
karōshi; death from overwork
labor; labour; toil; hardship
to end in vain; to be wasted effort
forced labor; forced labour; slave labor; slave labour
brain work; mental work; nonmanual labor
to work; to labor; to labour; to put to work; to make (someone) work
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; MHLW
meritorious deed; services
physical labor (esp. forced); strenuous manual labor; toil
nervous temperament; worry habit; pessimistic nature; pessimism
labor union; labour union; trade union
party given in recognition of a person's services
pulmonary tuberculosis (in traditional Chinese medicine); pulmonary tuberculosis
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare; MHLW
toil; labor; labour; painstaking piece of work; (a) work involving considerable effort
working; being employed; being hired
work-related injury; work-related illness; work-related death; workers' compensation insurance
cattle or horse trader; good judge of horses or cattle
laborer; labourer; workman
labour movement; labor movement
unearned income; investment income; passive income
overwork; working too hard
means of labor; means of labour
trouble of going somewhere
manual laborer; manual labourer
Labour Party; Labor Party
labor; labour; work; service
unskilled labor; simple labor; menial job
eye strain; eyestrain; asthenopia
award for distinguished service
Labor Thanksgiving Day (national holiday; November 23)
labor problem; labour problem
slave labor; slave labour
Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare
labor service; labour service
labor dispute; labour dispute; industrial dispute; strike
rendering what little service one can
day laborer; day labourer
salaried class; working class
labor standard; labor standards (e.g. bureau, law)
Ministry of Labour (now Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare)
labor union; labour union; trade union
brain worker; brain-worker; white-collar worker; mental worker
labor market; labour market
mobilization of labor services (e.g. in wartime)
bonus; reward for one's services
sparing no trouble; taking pains (to); take the trouble (to)
illegal employment; illegal work; unauthorized labor
labor management; labour management
seasonal laborer; seasonal labourer
migrant worker; economic nomad
wage laborer; wage earner; paid worker
wages; labor wages; labour wages
Labour Standards Inspection Office
labor body; labour body; labor organization; labour organization; labor federation; labour federation
Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare
temporary worker (dispatched from an agency); dispatched worker
financial reward for someone's efforts; remuneration paid to the finder of a lost item
physical or manual labor; physical or manual labour
labor-farmer party; labour-farmer party
labour and management; labor and management
child labor; child labour
labour union; labor union
formal recognition of a work-related injury or illness
chronic fatigue syndrome; CFS
capital and labor; capital and labour; capitalists and laborers; capitalists and labourers
to act as a mediator; to serve as a mediator; to act as an intermediary; to be a go-between
non-fulltime worker; non-permanent worker; temp worker; temporary worker
all pain and no gain; lots of pain and not much gain
karōshi line (official measure of excessive hours of overtime per month)
(socially) necessary labour; necessary work
holiday given in recognition of one's service
worker's accident insurance
labor standards bureau; labour standards bureau
casual laborer (labourer); day laborer (labourer)
suicide brought on by excessive overwork
unemployed laborer; unemployed worker
flexible work hours; flexi-time
discretionary work (labour, labor)
tabes; phthisis; pulmonary tuberculosis
temporary labor; dispatch work
(principle of) equal pay for equal work
labor productivity (labour)
to save labor; to save labour
licensed social insurance consultant; labor and social security attorney
licensed social insurance consultant; labor and social security attorney
trials and tribulations; adversities; suffering hardships and troubles
fatigue fracture; fatigue failure
work-related injury or death
abstract human labour; abstract human labor
female employee; female worker; working-woman
labor agitator; labour agitator
child labor; child labour
labor-management cooperation; labour-management cooperation
labor-management negotiation; labour-management negotiation
labor section; labour section
seasonal labor; seasonal labour
labor-relations board; labour-relations board
labor agreement; labour agreement
labor force; labour force
itinerant laborer; migrant worker
labor rally; labour rally
prison labor camp; prison labour camp
Act for Securing the Proper Operation of Worker Dispatching Undertakings and Improved Working Conditions for Dispatched Workers
Minister of Labor (Labour)
industrial (labor-management) dispute (labour); industrial strife
labor laws; industrial laws
labor efficiency (labour)
menial services (e.g. kitchen work); serving one's master unsparingly
thermal fatigue (e.g. in structures); heat exhaustion
labor expenses; labor costs
trouble; pains; backbreaking exertions
workers' credit union; labour credit association
organized labour (organised, labor); unionized labour
prison labor; prison labour; forced labor; forced labour
fixed working hours; prescribed working hours
unfair labor practices; unfair labour practices
Industrial Safety and Health Act
Central Labor Relations Committee
farm worker; farm laborer; farm labourer; farmhand
Central Labor Relations Commission
World Federation of Trade Unions; WFTU
Person of Cultural Merit; honorary title recognizing outstanding cultural contributions
Labour Welfare Corporation
basic labor rights; basic workers' rights
labour-management agreement (labor)
to wait for the enemy to tire at ease
the three major labor laws (trade union law, labor standards law, and labor relations adjustment law)
International Labor Organization (ILO)
labor relations adjustment law (labour)
to go through all sorts of hardships
direct labor costs; direct labour costs
worsened performance because of long service; malfunctioning resulting from continuous long-term operation
workers' credit union; labour credit association
labor standards inspector (labour)
labor administration; labour administration
National Railway Workers' Union (abbr)
Labour Standards Inspection Office (abbr)
working-age people who are unemployed; number of people not in employment
Federation of Independent Unions of Japan (1956-1987) (abbr)
eight-hour working day system
necessary labour time (in Marxian economics)
socially necessary labour time
All-Japan Trade Union Congress (1954-1964)
variable working hours system; flexible-hours system
suicide brought on by excessive overwork
Japanese Association of Labor Sociology
Japanese Trade Union Confederation; RENGO
reduction in working hours; shorter working hours
Central Labor Relations Committee
Act on Labor Relationship of Specified Independent Administrative Agency, etc. (2002)
Japanese Confederation of Labor (1936-1939); Zensō; Japanese Confederation of Labor (1964-1987); Dōmei
labor's share (of income)
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; ICFTU
Federation of Independent Unions of Japan (1956-1987)
National Railway Motive Power Union (abbr)
joint labor union; joint labour union
General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (1950-1989); Sōhyō
story of one's struggles; hardship story
both labor and management; both the workers and the employers
National Railway Motive Power Union
All-Japan Trade Union Congress (1954-1964) (abbr)
National Trade Union Confederation (1930-1936) (abbr); All-Japan Trade Union Congress (1954-1964) (abbr)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
kleptoparasitism; cleptoparasitism
National Trade Union Confederation (1930-1936)
National Federation Of Industrial Organizations (1949-1988); FIO
external labor market; external labour market
World Confederation of Labour (Labor)
Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare
Japan Institute of Labor; JIL
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
World Trade Union Congress
feeling of futility; sense of wasted effort
spare no effort while you are young; heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age
spare no effort while you are young; heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age
National Trade Union Council
International Industrial Relations Association
labor force participation rate; labour force participation rate
European Trade Union Confederation; ETUC
fulltime worker; permanent worker
Industrial Workers of the World; IWW
National Trade Union Council (abbr)
National Railway Workers' Union
workers' district (in North Korea)
institutional fatigue; systemic fatigue
migrant worker; expatriate worker
local labor union; local labour union
Industrial Relations Research Association
manpower business; manpower agency
Act on Enforcement of the Act on Labor Relations of Public Enterprise Corporation
Actors Equity Association
Bureau of Personnel Administration
Public Services International
Public Corporations and Government Enterprises Labor Relations Act
Prize to Schools for Nurturing Creativity
two-shift work program (programme)
Labour Relations Commission for Seafarers
labor-intensive industry; labour-intensive industry
Industrial Bankers Association
(workers) asset formation
International Transport Workers' Federation; ITF
labor federation; labour federation
Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act
National Enterprise Labor Relations Law
International Institute for Labour Study
joint consultation system
Industrial Accident Prevention Association; IAPA
workers' accident compensation insurance
employment agency; placement agency; labour exchange; labor exchange
labour intensive industry
labor offensive; labour offensive
Prefectural Labour Standards Office
Federation of Public Corporation and Government Enterprise Workers' Unions
light labor; light labour
Public Corporation and National Enterprise Labor Relations Commission
labor negotiation; labour negotiation
frail and cute (esp. of young women); adorable; lovely
government-labour (e.g. liaison meeting); government-labor
Labor Day (China); May Day
work environment; working conditions
labor-relations board; labour-relations board
government whose core support comes from labourers and farmers (esp. the Soviet government)
owl (esp. the Ural owl, Strix uralensis)