language spoken by the Emishi; languages spoken by the nanban during the Edo Period (e.g. Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch); foreign language
mouth; speech; counter for people or implements
thin India ink; diluted ink
round; circular; curved; smooth; harmonious; calm
to blur; to shade off; to gradate; to obscure; to make ambiguous
at first; in the beginning; originally
hundred million; 100,000,000; 10^8
to disturb; to prevent; to obstruct; to hinder
middle section of a song (in gagaku or noh)
any butterfly of family Pieridae (incl. the white butterflies and the sulfur butterflies)
dizziness; giddiness; vertigo
to chuckle to oneself; to gloat (over)
jewel; gem; gem (of a story, essay, etc.); accomplished work; beautiful piece
sake brewery; wine cellar; bar; bar-room
assault; outrage; act of violence; rape (by force); sexual assault
to run to; to come running; to rush (someplace); to hasten
magistrate's office (Edo period); territory under a magistrate's jurisdiction
government; administration; ministry
to eat up; to consume (completely)
to swarm; to crowd; to flock together
to let dry; to kill (vegetation); to season (lumber)
harmful insect; noxious insect; pest; vermin
secret intention; ulterior motive; kanji "heart" radical at bottom
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition
mountain villa; chalet; mountain cottage; mountain retreat; house in the mountains
Sukhavati (Amitabha's Pure Land); paradise; heaven on earth
circumstances; condition; arranging; managing; lending money; raising money
direction; district; area; field (e.g. of study); sphere; quarter
bamboo thicket; bamboo grove
to grow thickly; to be in full leaf; to be rampant; to luxuriate; to be luxurious
back (esp. of a building, etc.); rear; behind
force of water (current, stream, jet, etc.)
water wheel; water turbine; hydraulic turbine; (arch.) violent wielding of weapons
harmonious melody; harmony; unity; euphony
to start a signal fire; to use a smoke signal; to initiate an action; to start a campaign
later; afterwards; future; after one's death; (arch.) descendant
to keep watch (e.g. on a suspect); to be on the lookout (for); to spend a lot of money (on); to treat oneself (to); to paste; to stick