June; sixth month of the lunar calendar
27th day of the month; 27 days
root; source; origin; foundation; basis; essence
July; seventh month of the lunar calendar
grass used for thatching; sedge used for thatching
tip of an ear (of wheat, etc.); tip (of a brush, spear, etc.); point; spearhead
that day; the very same day
reason; cause; history; origin
island in a pond or river
battle; fight; fighting; engagement; contest
Uesugi Kenshin (1530-1578)
fortune in battle; luck in war; fate as a warrior
common reed (Phragmites australis)
tatami mat; Japanese straw floor coverings
step; stride; counter for steps
immediate vassal (of the shogun; Kamakura and Muromachi periods); low-ranking vassal (of the shogun; Edo period)
passage (of people or vehicles); passing (through); traffic; common usage; widespread use
to take root; to put forth roots
gradually; by degrees; little by little; step by step
making provision for the elderly; making provision for one's old age; spending one's old age in comfort; Yōrō era (717.11.17-724.2.4)
stock; share; stump; (clump of) roots; plant with attached roots or stem; strain (of bacteria, etc.); stock company
nothing but; except; no more than
(ear of) Japanese pampas grass
without; unless; have to do
Tōhoku region (northernmost six prefectures of Honshu); Tohoku region
Rikuchū (former province located in present-day Iwate Prefecture and parts of Akita Prefecture)
side; beside; feature of a sword blade
railroad; railway; rail transport
steam locomotive; steam train; (long-distance) train; non-electric train; diesel train
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
in the same way as; just like
to disguise oneself as a woman
long-cherished desire; Amida Buddha's original vow
construction; building (e.g. a house); communal construction labor (in Zen Buddhism); building with the help of many people (e.g. a temple or shrine)
helper; assistant; help; assistance