to supplement; to make up for; to compensate for; to cover (a shortage, loss, etc.); to fill (e.g. a vacancy)
previous day; day before; eve; prior day; preceding day
in the early period (of something); at the beginning
to go upstream; to go up (a river); to go back (to the past or origin); to date back (to); to trace back (to)
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
personality; character; individuality; personhood
parting (of people); separation; farewell; breakup
remote cause; underlying cause; indirect cause
grandfather; old man; kyogen mask used for the role of an old man
to leave a trail; to leave traces; to have a lasting effect
yen (currency of Japan); circle
getting closer; drawing nearer; being not much different; being near (age, skill, etc.); becoming close (i.e. friendly); becoming intimate
space; room; space (between letters, words, etc.); space (piece of type); (outer) space
spreading out like an open fan; becoming prosperous; folding fan; ceremonial folding fan
abandonment; renouncement; renunciation; resignation; abdication; surrender
to arrive (at one's destination); to reach; to come to a head; to reach a conclusion; to culminate (in)
to lament; to grieve; to regret; to deplore
to ascend; to go up; to climb
earth; ground; the solid earth; the (vast) land
shaft; axle; mandrel; arbor; centre of a group
to come out; to appear; to turn up; to go out for a while
to starve; to be famished; to be hungry; to be starved of (e.g. love); to be thirsty for (e.g. knowledge); to be hungry for
childish; child-like; innocent; naive
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
conversion; diversion; changeover; commutation; switchover
after all; in the end; anyway; (cannot) possibly; (not) at all; (not) by any means
lesson; precept; teachings; moral
powerful person; influential person
to struggle; to writhe; to wriggle; to act frantically; to make desperate efforts
that road (path, street, way, etc.); that line (of business); that profession; love affairs; romance
realistic; practical; feasible
masturbation; onanism; self-consolation
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
to finish; to get through with; to graduate; to come to an end; to end; to finish doing ...
18th day of the month; 18 days
time; years; days; the Moon and the Sun
long (time); protracted; prolonged