progress; advance; improvement; development
period; time; opportunity; chance; age; term (e.g. in office); session (e.g. of parliament)
trade; buying and selling; trafficking (e.g. of humans, arms, drugs); dealing
second term; second stage
chief; main; principal; important
undergrowth; weeds beneath a tree
argument; discussion; theory (e.g. of evolution); doctrine; essay; treatise
official recognition; official approval; certification; authorization; authorisation
historical document; archives; old manuscript; pre-Meiji era document addressed to someone in particular
public commitment; public promise; campaign pledge; official vow
exchange; conversion; replacement; switching (to); switchover
silver (Ag); silver (color); silver (medal, prize, etc.); silver coin; silver general; bank; (arch.) money
monme (unit of weight, 3.75 g); monme; Edo-period silver coin worth between 1/50th and 1/80th of a ryō
half; 50%; 5 parts; 5%; equality; equal footing
to make a (government) grant; to release (a criminal)
opening (a door, window, etc.); leaving open; opening up (e.g. to the public); allowing (public) access
to beg; to ask; to request; to pray; to wish
to pay; to be profitable; to pull against each other
one turn; spinning around; complete change; reversal; (an) about-face
to be rich (in); to abound (in); to be abundant (in); to be rich; to be wealthy
rich country; national enrichment
powerful army; strengthening of the military
celebration (of a joyous occasion); blessing; giving one's blessing; blessing (from God)
imperial order; imperial decree
Gate of the Celestial Rock Cave
to cross; to intersect; to associate with; to mingle with; to have a sexual relationship; to copulate
support; backing; endorsement; propping up; holding up; support
Lord; Highness; (arch.) you
power; might; authority; influence
defect; fault; flaw; deformity; deficiency; shortage
lying concealed; being hidden
spreading around (news, etc.); talking about widely; noising about; circulating
introduction; presentation; referral; showcase (of a product)
Fukuzawa Yukichi (1834-1901)
Itagaki Taisuke (1837-1919)
Ueki Emori (1857.2.14-1892.1.23)