honorific/polite/humble prefix
refrigerator; cold; cool; cold sake
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
difference; distinction; discrepancy; mistake; error
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
local specialty or souvenir bought as a gift while travelling; present brought by a visitor; something unpleasant that one is given (e.g. an illness while on vacation); unwelcome gift
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
mischief; prank; pastime; hobby; playing with (a lighter, etc.); fooling around with
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
memory; sense; experience
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
complete; whole; perfect; safe
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
receiving; welcoming; going to meet; final call; call of fate; approach of death
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
container; receptacle; case; inserting; putting in
mess; sorry state; -ways; -wards; in the act of ...; just as one is ...
popular name; common name; nickname; alias
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
I see; that's right; indeed
bad (taste); unpalatable; poor; unskillful; ugly; unattractive
face; mask; face guard; (in kendo) striking the head; surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect