independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
Japanese person; Japanese people
origin; beginning; genesis; primeval; primordial; primitive
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
millennium; one thousand years; (fig.) long time
to inherit; to succeed; to take over
it is assuredly (that)...; can say with confidence that it is...
to tailor; to make (clothing); to train; to bring up; to make it seem like; to pass off
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
tightly; closely; exactly; precisely; suddenly (stopping); perfectly (suited)
operation (of a machine, etc.); operating; driving; working (capital, etc.)
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
corresponding to (in meaning, function, etc.); being equivalent to; appropriate; suitable; to be proportionate to; to be in keeping with
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
a little; a bit; slightly
dangerous; risky; in danger; in jeopardy; uncertain; unreliable
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
at any rate; anyhow; anyway; in any case; because; as you know
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
cliff; precipice; precipice; brink of a dangerous situation
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing