indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
how about ...?; I wonder; I don't know
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
I, myself; one-self; by one-self; even I; even one
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
while; even though; despite
(physical) form; shape; visage; (facial) features; form (as opposed to substance); manner (of action); (resultant) state
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
processing; dealing with; treatment; disposition; disposal
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
good(-tasting); nice; delicious; attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
balcony; veranda; verandah; porch
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
rule violation; rule infraction; infringement of the rules
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to receive; to get; to accept; to take (someone's words or behaviour); to interpret; to understand
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
trivial; not amounting to much
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
to breathe out; to breathe; to tell (a lie); to use (foul language); to vomit; to throw up
and then; in addition to that; also; even so
suffix for familiar person
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
very early in the morning; so early in the morning; at this ungodly hour
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky