woman entertainer; prostitute
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang; to suspend; to lower; to reduce; to demote; to move back
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot
to conceive; to become pregnant; to get filled with (e.g. sails filled with wind); to be swollen with; to contain (a contradiction, danger, etc.); to carry (a problem, consequences, etc.)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
equal; identical; the same; no different (from); just like; equivalent
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention; motive
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
don't you think?; indicates question
well, ...; right, ...; so; then; that way (would mean ...); if that is the case
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
with trouble; at great pains; rare; valuable; kind; generous
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
deep emotion; strong feelings
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to declare; to speak out; to warn; to spit out (words)
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
enjoyment; pleasure; amusement; anticipation; looking forward to; something to look forward to
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh