hello; good day; good afternoon
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to come and see (someone, something); to visit
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
light; right; right field; right fielder
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
but; however; provided that
to throw; to hurl; to give up; to abandon; to cast (a glance, shadow, doubt, etc.)
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
violence; assault; rough (e.g. handling); reckless; rape; sexual assault
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to wave; to shake; to sprinkle; to throw (dice); to cast (actor); to allocate (work); to turn down (somebody)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
ball; ball (pitch that falls outside of the strike zone); bowl; board (cardboard, pasteboard, etc.)
to change; to swap; to change the object of one's interest or focus; to spend or take time; to infect; to permeate something with the smell or colour of something; to move on to the next or different stage of (a plan, etc.)
smooth (of a surface); glassy; smooth (of an action, proceedings, etc.); fluent (speech); continuously differentiable
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to mix; to stir; to blend
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
honorific/polite/humble prefix