indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
adds force or indicates command
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
numeral; figure; digit; numeric character
to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
beginning; outset; first; onset
to be surprised; to be astonished
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
no matter what; whatever happens; in any situation; rain or shine
two persons; two people; pair; couple
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
bureau director; office chief
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
welcome!; nice to see you!
appointment; nomination; ordination; commission; designation
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
muscle; tendon; vein; artery; fiber; fibre; line
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's