opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
military force; force of arms; strength of an army
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
next; hypo- (i.e. containing an element with low valence); order; sequence
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
annihilation; total destruction; complete destruction; crushing defeat
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
nationality; citizenship; nationality (ship, airplane, etc.); registration; flag
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
wonder; miracle; amazement; prodigy
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
price; cost; value; worth; value
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
dreadful; terrible; horrible; fearsome; formidable; awesome
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
obstruction; check; hindrance; prevention; impediment; interdiction
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
function; facility; faculty; feature
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
ordinary person; average person; man in the street; everyman; (a) nobody
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)