this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
stock; share; stump; (clump of) roots; plant with attached roots or stem; strain (of bacteria, etc.); stock company
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
round; circular; curved; smooth; harmonious; calm
vegetable; marijuana; cannabis
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
story; tale; talk; discussion
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
old tale; folk tale; legend; reminiscence
grandfather; male senior-citizen; old man
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
seed (e.g. of a plant); pip; progeny; offspring; paternal blood; lineage; sperm
to plant; to grow; to insert; to transplant; to inoculate (e.g. an infectious agent); to instill (idea, value, etc.)
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
may (it) be so; please let (it) happen
good(-tasting); nice; delicious; attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
while; during; while; although; all; both
day after day; day by day
(and) then; and; thereupon; in that case; then; so
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
drumming (noise); beating; rapidly; quickly; continuously; one after the other
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
to pull out; to draw out; to omit; to leave out; to do to the end; to do thoroughly; to let out (e.g. air from a tyre)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; yoisho! (word shouted by the spectators during a yokozuna's ritual stomps); yoisho (filler word in folk music, etc.); flattery; buttering up (someone)
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear