today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to have a talk; to tell a story
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
boy; son; baby boy; young man
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
red; crimson; scarlet; Red; communist
headgear (esp. one made of cloth); hood; kerchief; tokin (headgear worn by yamabushi)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put on (one's head); to wear; to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
suffix for familiar person
mother; mom; wife; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she
granny; grandma; gran; old lady; old woman
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
visit (to someone affected by illness or misfortune); call; letter of inquiry; letter of sympathy; dealing (a hit); striking (a blow)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
I'm off (and will be back later); see you later; to go (and then come back)
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
wolf (Canis lupus); wolf in sheep's clothing; womanizer
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
to pick; to pluck; to snip; to cut; to nip
to take (something) along; to bring with one; to carry (something) away; to bear
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker