to stay on; to remain; to hold out; to stop (doing); to give up
camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora); camphorwood; camphor laurel
torii (Shinto shrine archway)
hokora; small wayside shrine
(stone) guardian lion-dogs at a Shinto shrine
to stare at each other; to lock eyes (with)
joint ownership; co-ownership; sharing (e.g. a viewpoint); sharing (files, devices on a network, posts on social media, etc.)
unnatural; affected; studied; forced
clearing one's throat; cough
to be effeminate; to be a fop; to break into a smile; to grin
to cross one's mind; to occur to one
mistake; error; accident; mishap; improper conduct (e.g. between man and woman); indiscretion
grove of the village shrine
to end; to be finished; to die; to perish; to do utterly; to do completely
sunlight filtering through trees
to open out (of a view, scenery, etc.); to spread out; to improve (of luck, prospects, etc.); to get better; to develop (of a town, civilization, etc.); to become civilized; to be sensible
to leak out; to escape; to find expression; to give vent; to leak out; to be divulged
small hill; low hill; hillock
(water-filled) paddy field
the West; the Occident; Western countries
route; road; distance travelled in a day; one's ... (age, e.g. 40s, 60s)
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
glance; look; glimpse; complete view; bird's-eye view
fortress; stronghold; citadel
town; city; municipal; urban
moat; fosse; canal; ditch
to refuse; to reject; to decline; to prevent (from doing); to deny (e.g. access); to block
here and there; in places
turret; watchtower; high wooden stage; scaffolding; wooden frame (of a kotatsu); yagura
archer; bowman; bow-wielding soldier; crossbow soldier
crowding together; clustering together; close formation; swarm
in name only; titular; nominal
to throw one's weight around; to exercise one's authority; to make one's presence felt
chief; leading; prominent; principal; main; important
often; again and again; over and over again; repeatedly; frequently
skirmish; brush (with the enemy); minor battle; squabble; (petty) quarrel; argument
from the viewpoint of; according to
hair; fur; wool; down; plumage
advantage; benefit; profit; interest
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition