pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to set foot into; to enter; to step inside; to cross the threshold
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
to be noticeable; to notice; to catch one's eye
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
opposite side; opposition
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
door; gate; opening; title page
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
backdoor; rear entrance; rear exit; unauthorized; illicit; illegal
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right side; right-hand side
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
noisy; boisterous; turbulent (era, etc.); troubled
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
many; much; plenty; hardly
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
kitchen; galley; (Internet) troll
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to come and go; to go back and forth
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
-ish; -like; resembling; appearing to be; seeming to be
cooked rice; meal; food; one's living; livelihood