pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
grassy field; grassland; meadow; grass-covered plain; savannah; prairie
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
surroundings; environs; circumference
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
to be noisy; to be astir; to rustle; to murmur
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to grow; to spring up; to sprout; to cut (teeth)
middle; centre; center; midpoint; heart
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
danger; peril; hazard; risk
in that way; thus; so; so?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
living thing; organism; creature; biology
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
one by one; one after another; successively
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
grasshopper; locust (of superfamily Acridoidea)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
frog; kajika frog (Buergeria buergeri)
to jump out; to rush out; to appear (suddenly); to protrude; to project; to butt in
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say