from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
visit; call; arrival (e.g. of spring); advent; news; tidings
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
people; (all) persons; you (usu. plural); various
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to fly about; to skip about; to bustle about
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
information; (brief) notice; letting someone know; first report; initial report
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
to be in time (for); to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
rebuilding; reconstruction; rehabilitation; protoform reconstruction
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
group; bunch; crowd; group
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
subhuman; demi-human; Argentinian (person); (arch.) American (person)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
unification; bringing together; generalization; control; supervision
position; situation; viewpoint; standpoint; point of view
now; the present time; just now; another; more
actual place; actual location; the spot; place where one is currently living
to stick (to); to cling (to); to stay (e.g. in the office)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
to feel; to sense; to experience
while; during; while; although; all; both
Metropolis (of Tokyo); (Tokyo) Metropolitan District; counter for cities and towns; capital
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university