The End; Finis; completion; conclusion; providing fully
characteristic (of); peculiar (to)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
imperial court; royal court
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
corridor; gallery; hallway; cloister (i.e. covered walk typically circling a building or garden, esp. in a palace or place of worship)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
two persons; two people; pair; couple
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
behind; in the rear; in back
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
indeed; really; very; extremely; absolutely; certainly
guard; sentinel; garrison
-ical; -ive; -like; -ish; (something) like; along the lines of
fierce look; frightening look; tough look; aggressive attitude; coercive attitude; taking a hard line
dwarf (esp. in folklore or fantasy literature)
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to follow; to accompany; to cleave to; to join up with; to obey implicitly; to flatter
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
echo; ultrasound scan; echographic examination
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to resound; to echo; to reverberate
forward; frontward; ahead; rectangular front
Kyoto and vicinity (esp. during Edo period); Kyoto-Osaka region; Kansai region