indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
letter; missive; note; mail
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
close (e.g. friend); familiar; familiar (e.g. story); well-known (to one); close (relatives); closely related
giving and taking; exchange (of letters); arguing back and forth; (conversational) exchange
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
recent state; present state; present condition; current status; current circumstances
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to come together; to merge; to fit; to match; to be profitable; to be equitable
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look forward to something
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
even so; however; still; whereupon; even though; nevertheless
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
thin; pale; light; watery; thin; weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
to stare at each other; to lock eyes with
moment; brief space of time
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look
to turn away (one's eyes, face, etc.); to avert; to displease; to annoy; to miss (the target, ball, etc.)
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to turn one's back on; to be uninterested in
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...