vanguard; advance-guard point; advance detachment; vanguard; pioneer; avant-garde
to change; to alter; to reform; to correct; to examine; to check
burr (e.g. chestnut); bur; cupule; case
attractive middle-aged man
long and narrow; lanky; gangling; spindly
to give one's life; to lay down one's life
certificate; credentials; testimonial
final part; last bit; end
country; territory; domain; realm
rivalry of local warlords; a number of powerful (talented, influential) persons standing by themselves in a given field
green pheasant (Phasianus versicolor); Japanese green pheasant
fresh wound; fresh bruise
to disappear; to vanish; (arch.) to die
emerging market; emerging nation; emergent nation; developing country; developing nation
oath; vow; pledge; covenant
to exchange; to interchange
to hold hands; to join hands; to do together; to go arm in arm; to join forces; to link hands
convenience; user-friendliness
randoseru; firm-sided leather (or synthetic leather) backpack used by elementary school children
to smoke (a cigarette, pipe, etc.); to puff on; to rev (an engine); to race; to put on (an air of); to act in a ... way
number two; mistress; concubine
to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across; to get over (e.g. hardship); to pass time (e.g. a winter); to surpass; to be better than; to move house
clay; clay pigeon shooting; clay target
clop clop; rumble rumble; sound of something being boiled
personal security; personal protection; provision of a bodyguard
establishment; founding; organization; organisation
establishing; founding; setting up; organizing; establishment
possessed of a strong sense of duty
bōjutsu (art of using a stick as a weapon)
long handle; long-handled spear; long shaft
at a disadvantage; in an unfavourable position; having poor prospects; standing little chance
coating of snow; blanket of snow
passerby; pedestrian; foot passenger
bundling up (in layers of clothes)
to be hairy (of a person); to be thickly bearded; to be dense (of vegetation); to be thick; to be slow (of a person); to be dull