for generations; hereditary; generation after generation
to carry on one's shoulder; to shoulder; to bear; to bear (burden, responsibility, etc.); to take upon oneself
society; public; community; social studies
quickly; at once; right away; hurriedly
experience is the best teacher; custom makes all things easy; you learn best by doing; practice makes perfect; (lit.) it is better to grow accustomed than to be taught
form; method; system; formula
century; hundred years; (fig.) a long time
under ... years of age; less than ... years old
what is called; as it is called; the so-called; known as; so to speak
third year of junior high school; third-year junior high school student
overprotective; excessive care; overprotection; overprotectiveness
old person; elderly person; trustee of the Japan Sumo Association; retired high-ranking wrestler who is licensed to coach and receives retirement pay; senior statesman (of the Tokugawa shogunate); important local official (under the Tokugawa Shogunate)
indescribable; having no way to express
what's that?; what the...
slip; omission; upshot; denouement; punch line (of a joke)
to be imaginable; to be conceivable
grilling (fish) with salt; broiling with salt; boiling seawater to get salt
absorbed in; immersed in; forgetting oneself; daze; within a dream; while dreaming
to long for; to yearn after; to admire; to be attracted by
to take away; to carry away
missing (of a person); lost; unaccounted for; whereabouts unknown
rural area; countryside; the sticks; hometown
hard to reach place; remote place
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
stimulus; impetus; incentive; encouragement; motivation; provocation
to fail; to blunder; to make a mess; to drink up; to eat up
to be intolerable; to be unpardonable
freely; at liberty; at will; as one likes
unsteadily (e.g. on one's feet); shakily; wavering (in one's mind); unsteadily; aimlessly; unconsciously
guidance; leadership; instruction; shido (disciplinary action for a minor infringement of the rules of judo)
besides; in addition; also; moreover
depopulation; declining population
ghost town; deserted village; village without inhabitants
in one go; in one gulp; in one breath; immediately; instantly; right away
answer; reply; response; answer; solution; result
active duty; active service; student taking (university) entrance exams while still enrolled in school; student who passed their university entrance exams on the first try
plant and equipment; production equipment; productive capacity
sudden; abrupt; rapid; sharp; drastic; radical
to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to employ; to have (on one's staff)
originally; by nature; from the start
many children; large family
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)