indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cheer; to jeer; to mock
hooting; jeering; heckling
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to rain incessantly; to downpour
entrails; giblets; tripe; offal
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
to spoil; to rot; to corrode
et cetera; etc.; and the like; the likes of; something like
to beat to death; to kill
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
level; standard; level (plane); floor; spirit level; (surveyor's) level
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
shout of abuse; jeers; boos
to throw (liquid) at; to dash; to inundate (with questions); to heap (praise); to hurl (abuse)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
party (of people); set (of people); clan; family; fellow
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be mixed; to be blended with; to be combined; to associate with; to mingle with; to interest
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to include (in a group or scope); to instruct; to make one understand; to include (a nuance); to put in (an implication); to put in (someone's) mouth
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
round shape; circle; circular form
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
sweat; perspiration; moisture; condensation; gulp; oops
to soak into; to permeate; to penetrate
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after