long (time that has passed); old (story)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in that way; thus; so; so?
to mutter; to murmur; to grumble; to tweet (Twitter)
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
coating (esp. lacquering)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to rise (of a building, mountain, etc.); to tower; to soar
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; division; phylum; counter for cannons
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still; fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think); patiently (endure); stoically
to stare at; to gaze at; to look hard at; to watch intently; to fix one's eyes on
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
(in the) style of a gate; gate-equipped (house, shop, etc.); kanji "gate" radical (radical 169)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
river; stream; River; the ... river
island in a pond or river
to face; to go towards; to head towards
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to go under; to pass under; to dive (into or under the water); to evade; to get around; to survive
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
appearance; shape; form; atmosphere; look; feel
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
hesitation; indecision; vacillation; azalea (Rhododendron spp.)
counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); noun read using its on-yomi; counter for articles; indicates possessive (esp. in place names)
small peninsula; cape; promontory; headland
effect; result; worth; Kai (former province located in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)
provincial capital (under the ritsuryo system); provincial office; public place of imperial rule
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
(present) head of a family
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to live; to reside; to inhabit
mansion; palace; (arch.) nobleman; (arch.) noblewoman; (arch.) cabin (on a boat, carriage, etc.)
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext