indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
innocent; cherubic; childlike
girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)
cherry tree; cherry blossom; light pink; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to hug; to have (a thought or feeling); to hold; to harbour (suspicion, doubt, etc.)
to face; to go towards; to head towards
declaration; proclamation; announcement
just; right; pure; genuine; truth
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
to wake up; to awake; to awaken to (instinct, ability, perception, etc.); to become aware of; to come to one's senses
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
tearing up and discarding (e.g. documents); destruction; annulment; cancellation; reversal (of an original ruling on appeal); quashing
to hold (a ceremony); to perform
way; style; ceremony; rite; wedding (ceremony); equation
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
breaking off an engagement
to announce; to tell; to sentence; to order
brow; glabella; middle forehead; area between the eyebrows
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
to deepen; to heighten; to intensify
to lay bare; to expose; to reveal
right to choose; a say; option
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
why; how; for what reason
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...