indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
hailing each other; acting in concert; responding (to); agreement; concord
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight
slight bow (as a greeting or sign of gratitude); nod; salutation; consideration; thoughtfulness
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to show; to display; to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ...; to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining; to have (something) looked at (by a specialist)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
suitable time; good time; propriety; moderation
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be mixed; to be blended with; to be combined; to associate with; to mingle with; to interest
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
glance; look; glimpse; complete view; bird's-eye view
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
high-quality goods; luxury item
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to wear; to be dressed in; to be adorned in; to clad oneself with
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
appearance; shape; form; atmosphere; look; feel
atmosphere; mood; a certain air; presence; (Earth's) atmosphere
really; truly; indeed; good grief
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
denial; negation; negation; NOT operation
element; component; factor; element (e.g. in array); member (e.g. data structure)