indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
East Asian age reckoning; traditional system of age reckoning whereby newborns are considered one year old and on New Year's Day one year is added to everyone's age
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
how many years; how long; what year
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
eternity; permanence; perpetuity
first year (of an imperial era); year something (important) first happened or began
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
Kōgen era (1256.10.5-1257.3.14)
death (of an emperor); demise
(a) little; (a) few; slight; only; just; merely
emperor (of Japan); mikado
accession to the throne; enthronement
infancy; childhood; tender age
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
Liang dynasty (China, 502-557)
Mr; Mrs; clan; he; him; counter for people
by means of; due to; because of; according to
government by the imperial court
grasping; seizing; holding; commanding; having control over
China; Han dynasty (China, 202 BCE-220 CE); Han (majority Chinese ethnic group); man
decomposition; putrefaction; putrescence; corruption; degeneracy; decay
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question