penalty; sentence; punishment
utter villain; atrocious fiend; devil
hardening; vulcanization; hardening (of attitude, stance, etc.); stiffening; upturn (in the market); firming up
defect; fault; flaw; deformity; deficiency; shortage
spell; curse; incantation
to perform the last rites over the deceased; to give someone their final notice (e.g. when firing them); to give someone the final word
involuntary nocturnal tooth grinding; bruxism; grinding one's teeth out of anger or vexation
three persons; three parties
shady; underhanded; questionable
Kasumigaseki; district of Tokyo where most of Japan's government ministry offices are located; government ministries (of Japan); Japanese government bureaucracy
certification; attestation; authentication; Imperial attestation
competent; suitable; qualified
secret; clandestine; covert; spy (for a daimyo, shogun, etc.); secret agent
putting into operation; invocation
one of two (possibilities, alternatives, etc.)
apathy; indifference; listlessness; athymia
to (hit and) crush; to smash; to squash; to defeat soundly; to crush (an opponent, hopes, etc.)
mixture; jumble; blend; making a cord by entwining threads of various colours
staying the night; lodging (at)
loyalty; sincerity; allegiance; fidelity; integrity
monitor (device, software or person); monitoring; person who gives feedback on products, television programs, etc.; customer panel participant; (computer) monitor; display
to take one's leave; to excuse oneself; to resign (from); to step down; to decline; to turn down
international community; international society
independence from parents
Nagata-chō (Japan's political center; equiv. of Downing Street)
hamburger (in a bun); burger
to pay the bill; to settle an account
numbered tag; numbered ticket
(formal) shirt; dress shirt; business shirt; button-up shirt
under one's arm; (in) the armpit
very hungry; starving; bowing repeatedly; kowtowing; denting; buckling
prosperous; flourishing; popular; widespread; active; lively
potato; French fries; chips; sweet potato
to exchange (things); to convert (currency); to be in contrast (to); to contrast (with)
premises; grounds; campus; compound; precincts
head (of a line, group, etc.); front; lead; forefront; vanguard