marginal village; depopulated village where most inhabitants are senior citizens
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
expression; presentation; representation; notation
lukewarm; tepid; half-hearted; vague; lenient; mild
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
depopulation; declining population
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
remote countryside; boondocks; the sticks
metre; meter; meter; gauge
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(next-door) neighbour; neighbor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ruins (of a building, town, etc.); remains
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
through; throughout; in the course of; all over or throughout (e.g. a place)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
fields (of rice and other crops)
care; looking after; repair; (police) raid; crackdown
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to grow thickly; to be overgrown; to thrive; to grow in abundance
young man; young woman; young people; youth; youngsters
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
old person; elderly person; trustee of the Japan Sumo Association; retired high-ranking wrestler who is licensed to coach and receives retirement pay; senior statesman (of the Tokugawa shogunate); important local official (under the Tokugawa Shogunate)
even; if only; if just; as long as; the only thing needed
to decline (in prosperity); to become deserted; to become desolate; to taper off (of a sound)
to end; to be finished; to die; to perish; to do utterly; to do completely
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
to sit down (and refuse to move); to sit-in (in protest)
side; edge; beside; while (doing); in addition to; at the same time
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still; fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think); patiently (endure); stoically
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort